Japan Cuts Single-Mum Benefits, Blames Divorce Rate
By Isabel Reynolds
June 7, 2002

Original Source: http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=573&ncid=757&e=5&u=/nm/20020607/od_nm/mothers_dc_1
(appears to have been removed and cant find on Reuters)


TOKYO (Reuters) - Japan's cash-strapped government decided on Friday to clamp down on child care benefits for single mothers, blaming a rising divorce rate for a big rise in costs

The plan had been vigorously opposed by support groups for single mothers, many of whom say they face a struggle for survival in one of the world's most expensive countries.

"Child-care benefit is our lifeline," said Yumiko Ishida, head of a publicly funded home that accommodates 20 single mothers and their children

"The level of benefit was already terribly low," she said

From August, eligibility for the maximum monthly benefit of 42,370 yen ($341) for a mother with one child will be restricted to families with annual income below 1.3 million yen ($10,470)

The benefit was previously available to women with incomes of up to 2.048 million yen ($16,490)

The new system will also factor in child support paid by fathers, income that was not previously included in calculations, and it will introduce a sliding scale of benefits for women with incomes up to 3.65 million

"Many of the women here are victims of domestic violence and it can be dangerous for them to try to claim child support from their children's fathers," Ishida said" Even when they do succeed, many men stop paying after a while."

Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare defended its plans, saying costs had been at risk of rising out of control

The number of recipients of the single mothers' benefit rose to 710,000 last year from 590,000 a decade earlier

The number of divorces annually has almost doubled since 1990, with 264,000 couples formally breaking up in 2000

The budget for the benefit hit 263.9 billion yen ($2.13 billion) last year and will be held to just below that for the current year

"The number of recipients is rising, so if we hadn't introduced the plan, the budget would have kept on expanding," said a ministry official

The official said the new system would not cut the number of recipients but was fairer and should encourage independence

But Ishida said it was difficult for single mothers to find jobs, making it impossible for them to achieve independence

"Many people do not understand how we manage to live.  People often ask how a family can survive on two million yen a year," the Single Mothers' Forum said on its Web site.